abstract：:Previous studies in Bayou Bartholomew, Arkansas, USA, indicated significant relationships between the individual health of fish sampled from 13 sites and specific biochemical responses. Evaluation of several biochemical endpoints in 1994 indicated the bioavailable occurrence of either polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) co...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Schlenk D,Sapozhnikova Y,Baquirian JP,Mason A

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A microbial consortium that degrades ethyl-tert-butyl ether (ETBE) as the sole source of carbon and energy under aerobic conditions was selected from a gasoline-polluted soil. This consortium consists of a variety of microorganisms with a predominance of filamentous morphology. Degradation of ETBE was found to be sole...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Kharoune M,Kharoune L,Lebault JM,Pauss A

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure to agrochemicals in the aquatic environment often occurs as time-varying or repeated pulses. Time-varying exposures may occur due to runoff events and spray drift associated with precipitation and application events. Hydrologic dilution, dispersion, and degradation also produce pulsed exposures. Standard labo...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Reinert KH,Giddings JM,Judd L

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of chromium on the life history and demography of Dinophilus gyrociliatus (Polychaeta) were studied on a control and three treated cohorts kept in artificial seawater enriched with nominal concentrations of chromium at 1.0, 1.4, and 1.6 microg/ml. Survival and fecundity were significantly reduced by chromi...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Mauri M,Simonini R,Baraldi E

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kidney samples of 224 roe deer (113 males, 111 females) aged three months to approximately nine years were collected in eastern Austria. Cadmium contents were examined and histological examinations were performed considering 11 different pathomorphological parameters. Cadmium burden was relatively high (range: 0.010-2...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Beiglböck C,Steineck T,Tataruch F,Ruf T

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extensive season-by-season sampling was used to establish the normal range of whole-body Na+ and Cl- and Na+ uptake in healthy populations of two fish species, rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, of known differences in sensitivity to ionoregulatory toxicants (low pH, trace met...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Croke SJ,McDonald DG

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biodegradation of trichloroethylene (TCE) by toluene-degrading bacteria was measured under aerobic conditions in aqueous and soil-slurry batch microcosms. For soil-phase experiments, a freshly contaminated soil and a soil containing only the desorption-resistant fraction of TCE were tested. In both cases, presence of ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Lee S,Moe WM,Valsaraj KT,Pardue JH

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lanthanide emissions to the environment increase as a result of the growing industrial applications of these elements. However, robust data to evaluate the environmental fate of lanthanides are scarce. This article describes the accumulation and elimination of lanthanum (La) by common duckweed (Lemna minor L.). Specia...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Weltje L,Brouwer AH,Verburg TG,Wolterbeek HT,de Goeij JJ

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A population of western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) living below a wastewater treatment plant in the vicinity of Birmingham (AL, USA) was studied for evidence of exposure to estrogens. Mosquitofish are sexually dimorphic live-bearing fish. Males have an elongated and modified anal fin, called a gonopodium, used in...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Angus RA,Weaver SA,Grizzle JM,Watson RD

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the fate and removal of triclosan (TCS; 5-chloro-2-[2,4-dichloro-phenoxy]-phenol), an antimicrobial agent used in a variety of household and personal-care products, in wastewater treatment systems. This objective was accomplished by monitoring the environmental concentrat...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： McAvoy DC,Schatowitz B,Jacob M,Hauk A,Eckhoff WS

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A battery of biomarkers is often used to evaluate the effects of exposure to chemical contaminants and detect responses to environmental stress. Unfortunately, field application of biomarkers is subject to various constraints (e.g., the availability of living material) that can limit data acquisition and prevent the u...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Beliaeff B,Burgeot T

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was designed to investigate whether or not chronic exposure to Chornobyl radiation poses a molecular genetic risk to mammals by examining a relatively rapidly evolving genetic system, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). More mtDNA mutations (approximately 19%) and an increase in mtDNA heteroplasmy (approximately 5%)...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Wickliffe JK,Chesser RK,Rodgers BE,Baker RJ

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of Spartina alterniflora to degrade tributyltin (TBT) in contaminated dredge spoils was investigated in a created wetland at Little Creek Naval Amphibious Base in Norfolk, Virginia, USA. Concentrations of TBT up to 250 ng/g did not inhibit S. alterniflora growth over a 16-month period. Disappearance rates ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Anderson BA,Unger MA,Moore KA

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methods are presented for selecting values of chemical properties of vapor pressure, water solubility, Henry's law constant, and octanol-water and octanol-air partition coefficients, which are subject to thermodynamic constraints, while taking advantage of all measurements. The aim of the mathematical procedures is to...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Beyer A,Wania F,Gouin T,Mackay D,Matthies M

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This three-year study evaluated the effects of best management practices (BMPs) in reducing surface water contamination at an urban golf course. Water samples were collected before BMP implementation from two ponds on Braeburn Golf Course (Wichita, KS, USA). The pesticides 2,4-dicholorodiphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Davis NM,Lydy MJ

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), including coplanar congeners, hexachlorocyclohexane isomers, chlordane-related compounds, and hexachlorobenzene, were found in the breast muscle of Steller's sea eagles (SSE) and white-tailed sea eagles (WSE) threatened species, collected in Hokkaido, Japan, during the two years from ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sakamoto KQ,Kunisue T,Watanabe M,Masuda Y,Iwata H,Tanabe S,Akahori F,Ishizuka M,Kazusaka A,Fujita S

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Environmental pollution with natural or synthetic estrogens may pose a serious threat to reproduction of wildlife species. This study describes the effects of 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) on fish reproductive organs in a laboratory model. Adult zebrafish were semistatically exposed to nominal concentrations of 0, 1...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Van den Belt K,Wester PW,van der Ven LT,Verheyen R,Witters H

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zinc sulfide clusters were synthesized and characterized at low micromolar concentrations to assess the effect of metal-sulfide ligands on metal toxicity to aquatic organisms in oxic environments. Recommended preparation times are greater than 2 h initial reaction of equimolar sodium sulfide and zinc nitrate, followed...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Bowles LC,Bell RA,Ernste MJ,Kramer JR,Manolopoulos H,Ogden N

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aerial spray prediction model AgDRIFT embodies the computational engine found in the near-wake Lagrangian model AGricultural DISPersal (AGDISP) but with several important features added that improve the speed and accuracy of its predictions. This article summarizes those changes, describes the overall analytical a...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Teske ME,Bird SL,Esterly DM,Curbishley TB,Ray SL,Perry SG

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Excess selenium (Se) in the aquatic food chain is embryotoxic and teratogenic to avocets, stilts, and other waterbirds. American avocet (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus) eggs were collected from three sites in the Tulare Lake Basin of California, USA, and hatched in the laboratory...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hoffman DJ,Marn CM,Marois KC,Sproul E,Dunne M,Skorupa JP

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Soil samples spiked with five concentrations of pyrene and phenanthrene were aged for 0, 10, 40, and 120 d before toxicity was investigated using a standardized bioassay with the soil-dwelling collembolan Folsomia fimetaria L. Toxic effects were measured as reductions in survival and reproductive output after 3 weeks ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sverdrup LE,Jensen J,Krogh PH,Stenersen J

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In tissues of freshwater fish-feeding mammals, 3,4-didehydroretinol (A2) is a major form of vitamin A. In mink liver, with organochlorine exposure, this analog has been found to decrease more than retinol (A1) and thus has potential as a sensitive freshwater biomarker. The presence of the analogs A1 and A2 as alcohol ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Käkelä A,Käkelä R,Hyvärinen H

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The European Chemical Industry's aquatic research program for endocrine disrupters includes the development of an in vivo juvenile fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) screening assay. Working within the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development's (OECD, Paris, France) tiered approach to endocrine disrupte...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Panter GH,Hutchinson TH,Länge R,Lye CM,Sumpter JP,Zerulla M,Tyler CR

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, n = 36) were measured in the gas and particle phases in the atmosphere and the dissolved and particle phases in the waters of the New York-New Jersey Harbor Estuary, USA, during a weeklong intensive field campaign in July 1998. Mean total (gas + particulate) phenanthrene and pyr...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Gigliotti CL,Brunciak PA,Dachs J,Glenn TR 4th,Nelson ED,Totten LA,Eisenreich SJ

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) is extensively used as pH buffer in culture media for testing chemicals. However, this study demonstrates that 0.01 M HEPES significantly reduces the rate of Cu, Pb, and Cd binding to Porphyra spp. and Enteromorpha spp. marine macroalgae. The HEPES also d...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Vasconcelos MT,Leal MF

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitellogenin (VTG) induction has proved to be a valuable biomarker for assessing exposure to environmental estrogens in fish. The widespread use of VTG in this regard has lead to the need for standardized assays to quantify VTG, and monoclonal antibodies have the potential to help accomplish this. A VTG enzyme-linked ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Tyler CR,van Aerle R,Nilsen MV,Blackwell R,Maddix S,Nilsen BM,Berg K,Hutchinson TH,Goksøyr A

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mercury contamination in wetland biota is often dynamic, difficult to predict, and costly to track. In this paper, we present results from a six-year study of growing feathers of piscivorous birds as monitors of wetland Hg exposure in Florida, USA, wetlands. Between 1994 and 2000, we collected feathers of growing grea...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Frederick PC,Spalding MG,Dusek R

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were fed diets containing 0 (control), 1, 3, 10, and 30 microgram/g (wet wt) of Kelthane. Residues of dicofol and its metabolites were then analyzed in the eggs and carcasses of females. Significant differences occurred among treatments for residues of both p,p'-dicofol and p,p'-de...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Wiemeyer SN,Clark DR Jr,Spann JW,Belisle AA,Bunck CM

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthetic organic chemicals are present in environmental compartments as complex mixtures and therefore their potential effects are difficult to predict. In this study, in vitro bioassays using wild-type fish and rat hepatoma cell lines and their corresponding recombinant cell systems were used to evaluate 2,3,7,8-tet...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hilscherova K,Kannan K,Kang YS,Holoubek I,Machala M,Masunaga S,Nakanishi J,Giesy JP

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrations of (alpha- and gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), alpha/gamma-HCH ratios, and enantiomer ratios (ER) of alpha-HCH were measured in lakes in the arctic, subarctic, Great Lakes, Canada, and temperate regions, and temperate and arctic wetlands and streams. The highest concentrations of alpha-HCH were found...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Law SA,Diamond ML,Helm PA,Jantunen LM,Alaee M

更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and nickel were measured in soils, house mice (Mus musculus), and the main food items of this omnivorous mouse to examine the occurrence of these metals in selected components of a seasonal wetland. Soil concentrations of copper, lead, and (in some areas) nickel were e...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Torres KC,Johnson ML

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the potential interaction of pesticide effect and predatory fish on behavior and mortality of a stream mayfly. Experiments in laboratory stream microcosms compared the activity, drift, and mortality of Baetis mayfly nymphs in the absence of fish with that in the presence of Cape galaxias (Galaxias zebratu...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Schulz R,Dabrowski JM

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, mixtures of five herbicide-formulated products (atrazine, dicamba, fluometuron, metolachlor, and sulfentrazone) were applied to soil microcosm columns in increasing concentrations. The toxic impact of herbicides on the indigenous beta-subclass Proteobacteria autotrophic ammonia-oxidizer (beta-AAO) commu...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Chang YJ,Hussain AK,Stephen JR,Mullen MD,White DC,Peacock A

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA microarray technology enables genome-wide detection of cell response at the transcriptional level. We are planning to make bioassay systems that can detect environmental chemicals to screen for potential bioreactive agents. To develop a DNA microarray for our purposes, the changes in gene expression underlying the...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Momose Y,Iwahashi H

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The toxicity and estrogenicity of a final treated municipal effluent was examined while flowing through a constructed wetland in north-central Texas, USA. Fish data were collected, and a baseline wetland characterization was performed to assess wetland treatment potential for these effluent properties. Vitellogenin (V...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Hemming JM,Waller WT,Chow MC,Denslow ND,Venables B

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The E,E-(4,4'-bis[2-sulfostyryl]biphenyl) (DSBP) is a fluorescent whitening agent widely used by the textile and detergent industries to whiten fabrics. Hypochlorite used to bleach fabrics oxidizes DSBP slowly at room temperature and in a higher rate at 60 degrees C. The ions of metals such as Fe, Cu, and Mn accelerat...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Blanco M,Jiménez L,Valverde I

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of salinity, gender, and development on the acute toxicity of aldicarb were examined in the euryhaline fish, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). The 96-h median lethal concentrations (LC50s) at 1.5 parts per thousand (per thousand) salinity were not significantly different between adults and juveniles but l...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： El-Alfy AT,Grisle S,Schlenk D

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acute toxicity of photoactivated anthracene and pyrene to the glochidial larvae of the paper pondshell (Utterbackia imbecillis) was characterized in the laboratory using two sets of experiments. Acute toxicity tests designed to determine the overall sensitivity of glochidia to anthracene and pyrene were conducted ...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Weinstein JE,Polk KD

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigates both the methods and the multispecies and functional level effects of a release of a complex hydrocarbon mixture from sediments using a 60-d modified mixed flask culture (MFC) microcosm. Neat Jet-A was injected and mixed into the sediment with one nondosed and three dosed concentrations. Univar...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Sandberg RS,Landis WG

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, concern has been growing that numerous manmade chemicals entering the environment are capable of mimicking endogenous hormones in wildlife. In an attempt to define and evaluate the possible impact of endocrine-disrupting substances (EDS) on insects, three vertebrate hormones were tested for their effe...

journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry

authors： Kirkbride-Smith AE,Bell HA,Edwards JP

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00